Violence Against Women in India

Andhra Pradesh and Delhi have a special place in annals of crimes against women in India in recent times. If we are to take a look at the statistics provided by the National Crime Records Bureau, Andhra Pradesh has figured consistently in 2008, 2009 and 2010 as the state with highest incidences of crime against women; and Delhi, similarly has figured as the city with highest incidences of crime against women in the years 2008, 2009 and 2010. Let me restate the figures and illustrate just a few preliminary findings.Andhra Pradesh: Collated statistics for 2008-2010 A total of 76, 924 incidents of crime against women have been recorded from 2008-2010. This is the highest in India for a state and Andhra Pradesh topped this dubious list each consecutive year for three years till 2010. 2011 statistics are awaited. As per categories of crime, crime against women constitutes the second or third largest category in crimes in Andhra Pradesh. A total of 3,807 cases of rape have been recorded fo r the same period, which constitutes 4. 4% of total incidence of crime against women. A total of 14,511 cases of molestation have been recorded for the same period, which constitutes 18. 86% of total incidence of crime against women. A total of 11,633 cases of sexual harassment (eve-teasing) have been recorded for the same period, which constitutes 15. 12% of total incidence of crime against women. Rapes, molestations and sexual harassment (eve-teasing) constituted 38. 93% of crimes against women in Andhra Pradesh in 2008-2010.Women in the age group of 18-30 years were most vulnerable to rape, followed by the women in age group of 14-18 years. In all the 3,807 rape cases that had been recorded in Andhra Pradesh between 2008-2010, the offenders were known to the victims. The picture in Karnataka is better, with 18. 2% of married women in this age group being subjected to physical violence, 3. 2% to sexual assault and 6. 9% to emotional domestic violence. But the Bihar story is horrif ying where the percentage of physical violence is as high as 56%.Tamil Nadu is at a close second with 40. 2%. The number of cases registered under Protection of Women From Domestic Violence (DV) Act, 2005, has increased to 7,802 in 2009 from 5,643 in 2008. Andhra Pradesh registered 2,710 cases under the DV act, the highest in any state in 2009. The NFHS-3 has further stated: â€Å"81% of married women between 15 and 49 years, who have experienced physical or sexual violence from husbands, have for the first time faced it within five years of marriage. † Being slapped is the most common form of physical violence that married women experience. Of 35% married women subjected to any form of physical violence, 97% were slapped and 1% of them experienced life- threatening violence in the form of being choked or burned or being threatened or attacked with a weapon,† the study said. Union minister for women and child welfare Krishna Tirath recently proposed the idea of training first-class judicial and metropolitan magistrates on how to deal with cases filed under Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.

Shall We Tell the President?

In February 24 he heard shocking news. Some people were planning to kill the president and he understood that a senator is also involved in this. When they knew that he heard everything, they tried to kill him. But fortunately he escaped. After the meeting Mark Andrews talked Dry. Dexter and fixed a date with her. Barry called Nick and informed every thing. Nick States entrusted Mark to the hospital. On the way to the home Barry and Nick met In an accident and died _ March 3 Thursday Evening: Mark called Dry. Dexter and postponed the meeting. When he arrived in the hospital Angelo and Benjamin Reynolds who lied near Angelo had died.Mark tried to inform the news to Nick but he didn't get. So he informed all incidents to the FBI director H. A. L Tyson and through car radio he knew that Nick and Barry were died. 4 Friday 6. 27 am: Mark meets Tyson and informed to keep it secret; at the mean time Tyson had appointed two persons to look Mark. Mark starts his investigation about which sena tor involved in this case. At the Library of Congress he checked the congressional record to find out who were all in Washington on February 24. He got a list of 62 senators then he double checked and shortened it Into 38. Friday Afternoon 12. Pm: A meeting of conspirators takes place. One man Is Tony, he was an excellent driver another is Xanthium, a Vietnamese and an excellent rifle shooter, he hated Americans. The third man is Ralph Matson; he is an old FBI agent and the Peter Nicholson, a millionaire. The last man is called chairman. Ralph Matson was the killer of Angelo Ceasefires; he disguised like a Greek priest and killed him. Tony and Xanthium were the killers of Barry and Nick . They discussed about the planning to kill the president. Arc 4 1-relay Attorney 4 pm: Mark called Nils classmate Ana Knew auto ten mafias. When mark speaks with Dry.Dexter he got the news that Angelo was a Greek then he contacted a Greek orthodox priest and understood the killer who he see in the h ospital. 5 March Saturday Morning: Mark meets Tyson. In their Mathew Roger the Cast. Director of FBI gave information about the man who made the arrangements for the luncheon party. Marks visits Arians Ceasefires and learns that a priest came and gave fifty dollar bill to her. Mark traces the 50 dollar bill to know the finger prints. Mark contacted the secretaries of the 62 senators in his list not revealing the secret. He could cut down the number of senators' who had private luncheon on February 24.Sunday Morning 6 March 9 am: Mark calls a person in New York Times to know more about mafias and their attitude towards Gun Control Bill and also about senators who had close connections in organized crimes. Monday Morning 7 March 7 am: Tyson informed mark that a walk-talky of the FBI had missed and through that the information are going out side. For to know which senator where in the capitol on 3 March, mark looks the records and make a list of seven senators ‘Pearson, Noun, Bro oks, Byrd, Dexter, Harrison, Thornton'. 8 March Tuesday Morning 1 am: Tyson scolded Mark when he got the report from the woo men who are appointed to observe mark.They reported that Mark is in love with a senator daughter. Tyson scolded him because his lover's father Dexter is under suspicion. Mark goes to the senate house to see the Gun control bill debate, in which there he reduced his list to 5, because he understood that Noun and Pearson were not in the senate on 3 March. 9 March Wednesday: Tyson tells mark that Dexter may be the conspirator because the porters had seen in him on February 24 in Georgetown with his daughter. Mark shocked, he meets Elizabeth. Tycoon's men informed it and he scolded Mark.

An Open Letter to Ninth Graders

I am one of the co-editors of What Is â€Å"College-Level† Writing? —a 2006 collection of essays that focuses on the difference between high school writing and college-level writing. Because of my work on that book, I’ve spent a great deal of time in the last five years thinking about what students need to make the transition from high school to college. Many studies and reports in recent years have argued that there’s an important â€Å"expectations gap† between the skills students are typically bringing to college and what college teachers like me think students should be bringing with them to college. This letter is an attempt to state those expectations clearly, at least from my perspective. I offer you my advice and encouragement as you embark on your high school career because I think there’s a lot that you can do on your own to get ready for college. A good place to start is with some advice from Stephen Covey’s book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People: â€Å"Begin with the end in mind. † I am advising you to set clear and specific long-term goals for yourself and then work incrementally over a period of time to meet them. I would like to provide you here with a number of specific goals that you can work toward over the next four years. Let’s begin with perhaps the most fundamental of all college-readiness skills— reading. Reading Reading comprehension, as measured by standardized tests like the SAT and the ACT, is certainly an essential college-level skill. Students in college are required to read an enormous amount of material across a formidable range of disciplines, and college students must be able to understand and engage with this material thoughtfully. Reading is a foundational skill that makes success possible in virtually all areas of your college education. Strong reading comprehension skills, though, do not in themselves guarantee that you are ready for college. The best college students I’ve worked with over the years have had a number of other reading-related strengths in addition to strong comprehension skills, and I would like to briefly outline them for you here. Remember, you have four years to work on these. Students who are ready for college like to read. If you don’t like to read, you are going to find college very difficult. Students who are ready for college have read some good books as well as some important books while they were in high school. I’m not suggesting that you need to follow any particular or prescriptive reading list, like the one that literary critic E. D. Hirsch includes, for example, in Cultural Literacy. But a high school student who is ready for college should have some sense of our shared intellectual and cultural history, as well as at least some exposure to work outside the Western cultural tradition. A high school student who is ready for college should be able to recognize and respond in some thoughtful way to, say, a reference in a lecture toKing Lear. Ideally, a student ready for college would have some visceral sense of what Lear feels like as a dramatic experience and as a point of reference in our common heritage. The same can be said about the book of Job, Toni Morrison’sThe Bluest Eye, Cervantes’s Don Quixote, Willa Cather’s My Antonia, Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude, and Richard Rodriguez’s Hunger of Memory, among others. Students who are ready for college read for pleasure. Reading is not something that a student who is ready for college always associates with â€Å"work,† â€Å"discomfort,† â€Å"inconvenience,† or â€Å"pain. † Students who are ready for college enjoy reading. Being able to enjoy reading is often the result of a long engagement with books and the written word that cannot be replaced by â€Å"cramming† or taking special college preparatory classes. The students whom I have found to be most ready for college have loved books and loved to read. If you don’t love to read, you will probably be confused and frustrated while at college. Reading is perhaps the most paradigmatic activity of a liberal arts education. It is where learning begins at college. You have four years to learn to love to read. Writing Strong writing skills are, of course, essential to college success. As a longtime composition instructor, I know that there are many things that high school students can do to become strong writers. First of all, you should expect any piece of serious writing to require considerable effort. Students who are ready for college routinely plan to produce multiple drafts of essays; expect to read and reread assigned texts; expect to think and rethink key ideas they are exploring in their essays; and routinely ask friends, family members, tutors, and professors for feedback about their work. High school students who are ready for college know that good writing does not get produced without considerable effort, and they are willing to make that effort. Most of the time they do such work enthusiastically. Students who are ready for college come to college interested in learning how to become better writers. Many of the most problematic students I’ve encountered in my teaching career come to college unable or unwilling to believe that they have anything left to learn as writers. (I’ve been writing seriously now for about thirty years, and I’m still actively looking for ways to become a better writer. ) Students should come to college with the understanding that they have a great deal to gain from listening to their professors as they discuss and evaluate their written work. In fact, students who are ready for college understand that this is where much of the most important learning in college takes place. A whole range of behavioral and attitudinal qualities are also essential to anyone who hopes to be a successful college-level writer. English professor Kathleen McCormick described these qualities memorably in an online exchange among contributors to What Is â€Å"College-Level† Writing? Commenting on an essay by Kim Nelson—a student whose contribution to the volume described the process of completing a college-level essay on J. R. R. Tolkien—McCormick wrote, Let’s begin by listing many of the skills with which Kim entered college. I think they should be divided into two types: behavior skills and writing skills. Behavioral skills are not exclusive to college-level writing, but without them, it is hard to achieve anything, and they are skills that few of us articulate as explicitly as Kim does, so I think they deserve to be underscored: Work through â€Å"panic† and refuse to procrastinate. Pace yourself to work on assignments for an extended period of time. Find others to help you (parents, teachers, friends at dinner, tutors at the writing center). Recognize that a critique by a professor, while initially disheartening, is helpful. Initiate repeated visits to the professor. Value intellectual work and collaboration and validation more than the grade. Brainstorm in note form. â€Å"Bang out† an outline and critique it. Choose quotations. Develop a thesis. Transfer writing skills learned in high school to the college situation. Maintain sensitivity to language use. Reread texts you plan to write about; underline. Do library research. Listen to multiple levels of textual analysis. Rewrite and revise your thesis and writing. Thinking I would advise you to seek out classes and learning experiences that challenge you. Research is beginning to show us that the brain responds in very powerful and positive ways to cognitive challenges. Don’t limit yourself to subjects or activities that are familiar or easy. Students who are ready for college bring with them a curiosity about ideas and an interest in encountering new ways of looking at the world. In fact, one of the reasons they come to college in the first place is to expand their minds, to encounter new ideas and perspectives, and to grow. High school students who are ready for college have genuine curiosity about the world and the people in it. Do you? Listening Listening is a vastly undervalued and underappreciated skill in our culture. Strong listening skills (and the patience and empathy that make listening possible) will be enormously valuable to you in all areas of your life, in college and beyond. Listening skills will certainly help you move toward a more open and welcoming engagement with the world and with others. Strong listening skills also make possible healthy, positive, respectful human relationships. Much of college success depends on establishing strong working relationships with professors, college staff, and fellow students. Such relationships are built, of course, with strong listening skills. Students who are unable to listen are typically unable to learn, for all the obvious reasons. Good listeners bring to any interaction with others a number of important qualities, including patience, empathy, personal generosity, emotional intelligence, and respect for others. Good listeners are also able to suspend an interest in themselves and focus instead in respectful ways on what others think and feel. Students who are ready for college have done some of the important personal work that makes this possible. Listening is a skill, like many others, that improves with practice, and one can become a better listener simply by endeavoring to be one. â€Å"Grit† â€Å"Grit† is another quality that is vitally important for college readiness. Researchers who use this term suggest that it includes self-discipline, perseverance, and passion. As psychologists Angela Duckworth and Martin Seligman note in their recent essay â€Å"Self-Discipline Outdoes IQ in Predicting Academic Performance of Adolescents,† grit appears to be at least as important to academic success as IQ or â€Å"smarts. † In fact, all high school students should hear what Duckworth and Seligman have to say about self-discipline: Underachievement among American youth is often blamed on inadequate teachers, boring textbooks, and large class sizes. We suggest another reason for students falling short of their intellectual potential: their failure to exercise self-discipline. . . . We believe that many of America’s children have trouble making choices that require them to sacrifice short-term pleasure for long-term gain, and that programs that build self-discipline may be the royal road to building academic achievement. Any student is capable of bringing a quality of joyfulness to their work at college, and the same can be said for the qualities of selfdiscipline, perseverance, and passion. Without these qualities, students can only be considered ready to be bored, lost, angry, or confused at college. Attitude Toward College Drinking, socializing, and taking reckless advantage of â€Å"freedom† on campus lead many students to squander their time at college. I’ve seen many young men and women trapped in a protracted adolescence that often lasts well into their late teens, early twenties, and beyond. As teachers, we want students to have a youthful spirit (however old they may be), but we also want them to bring maturity to the college enterprise. Some students, usually as a result of difficult life experience, arrive at college with such maturity. But many do not. In my experience, mature students are often able to engage with college in very productive ways. Those who do not bring such maturity, however, typically cannot. Such students often find themselves confused or angry or without any real direction. You also need to understand that the chance to attend college is an opportunity of incalculable value. Because many students take this opportunity for granted, I recommend that community service be a required part of every high school student’s preparation for college. Community service is an excellent way for you to begin building a balanced and mature perspective on life. Such a perspective will be invaluable to you when you attend college. Determining Readiness I have developed a checklist of the college-readiness skills described in this article. You can use this practical document to track your progress in high school and ensure that you are ready for college by the time you graduate. Visit here to view and print the checklist. Remember: you have four years to develop the skills that you will need to succeed in college. Patrick Sullivan teaches English at Manchester Community College in Connecticut. He is the editor, with Howard Tinberg, of What Is â€Å"College-Level† Writing? Reading Comprehension questions: Answer the questions below using evidence from the text in your responses where aplicable. Each response should be no less then four sentences.

Bussiness Plan- physiotherapy clinic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bussiness Plan- physiotherapy clinic - Essay Example A partnership serves both the short term and long-term interests of the organization (Eisner, 2010). Firstly, as a recent graduate I have few financial resources. Secondly, I have limited experience working in a real world healthcare setting. As a result, having a partner with an established record of accomplishment in the physiotherapy healthcare segment and the financial resources to support the business is strategic. The business would benefit from our partnership as we merge our skills and abilities to deliver high quality and effective healthcare for our clients. The location of a business plays a significant role in determining success (Spaeder, 2014). The location of the business at the outskirts of the city is informed by a desire to have a serene environment for clients to recover. Although it means that clients have a difficult time accessing it as opposed to the city, the cost of renting the compound is significantly cheaper. In addition, it is crucial to get a big office space at an affordable rate. An analysis of the market demonstrated a demand for physiotherapy services. According to the US Physical Therapy organization (2014), the market is estimated at $ 19 billion and is projected to experience an annual growth rate of over 5%. Firstly, the area has many sports teams whose players would need regular physiotherapy attention. In addition, a large segment of the population is aging. As a result, there will be demand for physiotherapy services to deal with backaches and other forms of pain that are associated with the aging process (NHS, 2014). Physiotherapy plays an integral role in successful aging (Cox, 2004). Furthermore, the demand for physiotherapy services exceeds supply in the state. Although the clinic will cater for everyone, it is necessary on the female gender and aging demographic. The competitors include Elite Clinic and Monsanto Clinic. The former caters

HBR article Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HBR article - Coursework Example In this way, much of the waste in time and money that is often associated with new product development is ameliorated. The article goes on to detail how Eli Lilly created a special team which was named â€Å"Chorus† whose sole purpose was to guide and direct research and development of new product lines based up on the metrics that have been previously related. Due to a strict adherence to the previous rubric, Eli Lilly was able to nearly double the amount of drug compounds that they developed between both 12 and 24 month periods. The article continues to describe the pitfalls that not employing such logic can provide to the overall process. Furthermore, the authors detail the situation that often arises where key leaders and shareholders ignore the obvious signs that a product line displays during development regarding its ability to succeed in the marketplace and yield a profit. Oftentimes, this is the result of the fact that management and/or key leaders have strong beliefs with respect to the overall viability of a given product and are therefore reticent to accept any proof that the line may result in eventual failure. Specific examples of such blind faith are given by the authors with relation to Ely Lilly’s drug tests that continued to send red flags to the development team; however, management continued to pour money down the rabbit hole with respect to continuing to fund the research. The authors discuss a secondary pitfall that many would-be product development teams suffer from. This secondary pitfall centers upon the fact that many product development teams terminate projects/products prematurely due to lack of evidence that the project/product has an overall likelihood to succeed. Although this can result from a number of factors, the authors note that the main reason results from an unclear and undifferentiated research process. For purposes of the analysis, the authors define one of the key components of success to relate to the con cept of POC (Proof of Concept). This relates the process that a firm can employ that provides a highly focused fast track path of research to determine whether or not the product has likelihood of overall success. In this way, targeted experiments can be rapidly employed to prove whether or not a product has an overall likelihood of success. Likewise, the authors note that determining overall project/product profitability is also a likely determinate that should be used in order to determine what level of time and funding should be provided to ensure that the project maintains the highest ability to produce a net profit. Similarly, the authors argue that product success can further be maximized by dividing the stages of product testing and development into early and late stages. By further defining the metrics with respect to what goals and tasks should be accomplished in the early and late stages, it is abundantly clear for product development where the product lies in terms of ove rall viability at any particular juncture of the process. In this way, the guess work is taken out of the process and long-term product developments that can turn into a multimillion dollar mistake are effectively weeded out. This novel approach is simplistic; however, it nonetheless works. Many firms have followed in

Assignmentweek5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignmentweek5 - Assignment Example The employee training that is derived from the client’s needs is useful in addressing customers concerns. Being the boss, I believe that the buck stops with me. During the training, I will tell employees that the importance of feedback mechanism is to get an opportunity to learn from our challenges and weakness with the view of offering better services to the customers. It also informs us on how we can remain competitive and easily beat our competitors (Stacey, 1996). Focus groups involves gathering of between 6-8 persons from the target market guided with a moderator and have them share their ideas, feelings and attitudes about a subject. Some of the advantages includes; cost effective when gathering primary data, easily to build on others ideas and makes it easier in getting the idea of the target market. The disadvantage is that it can only gather opinions on ideas and concepts and not how people can best use the designs. They can be used when attempting to develop something new but not sure on how people might react and also when one has no or little knowledge about the target market. They could however go wrong when an idea of a vocal person overrides other participant’s ideas besides, it can go wrong when quantitative data is required (Stacey,

Female circumssion in Africa Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Female circumssion in Africa - Assignment Example Female circumcision, female genital mutilation (FGM), and female genital cutting (FGC) all define the cultural practice of totally or partially removing the external female genitals or genitalia (Bacquet-Walsh, Jordan and Moneti par. 1). The World Health Organization (WHO) (par. 1) describes female genital mutilation (FGM) as all methods that entail the total or partial removal of the female external genitalia, or other form of injury to the female organs for reasons that are non-medical. The least form of FGC is the removal of the clitoris. The removal of the whole external genitalia is the most severe type of FGC; the vaginal opening of the victim is nearly closed. A small opening is left for menstrual blood and urine (Bacquet-Walsh, Jordan and Moneti par. 1). Althaus (130) states that female circumcision has been practiced for a long time in parts of Africa and it is considered as an element of rite passage in preparation for the young girls’ marriage and womanhood. The procedure is usually performed in the absence of an anesthetic and/or under septic environments by individuals (practitioners) with little or no knowledge of medicine or human anatomy. In other words, the practice is usually performed by traditional circumcisers who play a significant role in the community like attending childbirths. However, the trend is changing and it is being performed by health care providers (WHO par. 2). Medical professionals also perform the practice for a fee. Among the population, FGM/FGC can be carried out by male barbers, herbalists, a female relative, members of the secret society, and traditional health practitioners (United Nations Population Fund [UNFPA] par. 8). FGM or female circumcision is recognized globally as the violation of girls’ and women’s human rights. It expresses the deep-rooted inequality between the sexes and entails an extreme type of discrimination against the women. It is normally carried out on small girls and it is a

A Role of Transfer Climate and Transfer Systems for Positive Results o Case Study

A Role of Transfer Climate and Transfer Systems for Positive Results of Training Programs - Case Study Example â€Å"Supervisors don't get barriers to transfer and continue to call the shots. The only thing they know about communication is downward," she said. "Maybe they should have attended your training program!" Well, this ensures that not only subordinates need to change, but the change must also bring in throughout the system. So the first barrier to transfer could be supervisors’ bossy attitude (attitudinal barrier) and lacks the support of top management(structure barrier), supervisors usually do not promote the change where they need to share their decision making authority and to listen to subordinates. Secondly there was a possibility that inappropriate communication channel (channel barriers) was used to deliver the message, lastly, these types of training sessions should be attended by each level of managers so each manager can make effort to promote effective communication and listening. As far as the school board is concerned, barriers to transfer remain the same but th e scenario is a bit changed, therefore, it impacts the nature of barriers as well. In a school environment, teachers suppose to initiate the change and make sure the implementation by students, so the important barrier to transfer operating at the school board can be lack of teacher’s initiative to implement and support the implications of training. After the training, continuous learning (DeCenzo and Robbins, 2005) is required at the school to the students which enhances their performance and encourages participation, so if it’s not provided it can be a source of discouragement to students. Another barrier is common between organizations and school, that is an inappropriate use of communication channel (Noe and Winkler, 2009) for example if a teacher uses only verbal communication to deliver lectures than it might be not that effective as it can be if slides are used to deliver the lecture. The other important barrier to transfer operations can be the existing infrast ructure of the school which is inefficient to support the change. Lastly, if the principal or the deputy's head is not taking follow-ups on improvement than it might slow down the process.

Homework on trade policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Homework on trade policy - Assignment Example The imports from India will have very low prices in relation to the price of rice in France. The reduction in price will tend to shut off the market for local rice thus the infant industry in France. The France economy will tend to be dependent on the rice from India. The producers are worse of while the consumers initially are enough off but are subject to risks of food insecurity and lower quality of rice. The imposition of subsidies in the production of rice in India particularly when it has a low population will tend to raise the amount of rice. The scenario will change if the population is more in that the supply of rice will tend to exceed the demand. Therefore, the surplus will tend to reduce the price of rice significantly. The issuances of lump sum amounts of cash to the farmers will not necessary imply that the funds will be in use in the production of rice. Therefore, the change in supply will not be significantly different from the amount before the issuance of the funds. The term is unlike the imposition of

Analytical Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analytical Paper - Essay Example Moreover, the sign boards and signals that can be seen in both sides of the road helps the driver to be conscious about the importance of limited speed while driving, attention to other vehicles and pedestrians. As the rules and regulations are formulated to help the individual citizen to perform his or her rights and duties in a successful manner, it helps one to be aware of one’s rights while driving or travelling and to be duty minded towards other drivers, travelers and pedestrians. Government and the authorized department on road safety should give importance to public safety and give proper training and education against motor vehicle violence. Besides, education on road rage would help driver to become a responsible driver. The process of widening the Roads is essential because it helps to reduce the chance for traffic congestion in important places. Government must provide financial support for secure roads and make public attentiveness for safe and sound roads. Besides, the authorities must boost the media which expose the misconduct and misbehavior from the drivers while driving and must use it for advertisement and campaign purpose against road rage and safety. Karin Sternberg makes clear that: â€Å"When suddenly enraged drivers commit acts of road rage, they may have a flash of hatred and destructive intent toward those who have harmed them, whether in reality or imagination;† (Sternberg, 2008, p.17) misbehavior while driving create hatred in other drivers and will cause severe problems, reality or imagination. The usage of monitoring equipments like close circuit camera, speed detector, breath analyzer etc can detect violent actions and misbehavior on road and is essential to prevent road rage. The authorities must show keen interest and vigilance to fix cameras on appropriate places and must provide maximum punishment to traffic rule violators who are involved in the road rage activities. Andrea Campbell makes clear that: â€Å"Road rage and

Twelve Angry Men Intros Essay Example for Free

Twelve Angry Men Intros Essay Set in the summer of 1957, Reginald Roses play, Twelve Angry Men, highlights the importance of speaking out for what is right. Rose demonstrates through characterisation that prejudice and preconceptions can conceal the truth. From the inception, Rose presents a biased jury who is convinced of the boys guilt based on preconceived notions. However it is through Juror 8, that Rose advocates that justice and fairness can prevail over prejudice if just one virtuous person is willing to speak out. Juror 8 is depicted as the epitome of a fair and conscientious juror who is prepared to stand alone in order to ensure a fair verdict is delivered. Although the other jurors initially lacked equity, they discover their inner voice through Juror 8 and are able to deliver a legitimate verdict. Twelve Angry Men demonstrates the weakness of the jury system. Do you agree? Reginald Roses play,Twelve Angry Men, highlights not only the fragility of the jury system, but also its strength. Rose presents to the audience that it is more by luck than legal support that the accused was acquitted, therefore implying that the jury system is flawed. Initially Rose presents a biased jury who is convinced of the boys guilt based on preconceived notions. This emphasises a major flaw of the jury system, being that prejudice can obscure the truth. In addition, the jurors votes are also influenced heavily by their own personal backgrounds. This is evident in Juror 3 and 10 especially. However it is through Juror 8s virtuous motives of finding a reasonable doubt that ensured a just verdict was delivered. Juror 8 was the only person able to look past personal prejudices from the beginning, and through perseverance was able to guide other fellow jurors to deliberate honestly and thoughtfully. Thus, Rose shows the audience that the jury system is capable of securing justice.

Effects of Plagiarism to the Students Essay Example for Free

Effects of Plagiarism to the Students Essay In life especially in any learning institutions, it is inevitable to engage oneself with other people’s ideas, stories and researches. Most of people’s knowledge is acquired from previous knowledge that is written and said. But people can also create their own idea from others’ works or through experiences. However, owning one’s thought is another story, it is considered stealing or corruption. Stealing a person is called kidnapping or abduction but stealing a person’s ideas or writing is called plagiarism. Idea is like a property, someone owns it. Plagiarism is against the law not only because it is a form of stealing but because its effects are very destructive to the morality of those who practice it and to the society as a whole. In academic world, plagiarism is a serious offense. Plagiarism is not only a personal matter between a student and a teacher but ultimately it is an issue of violating the moral code of learning, reversing the meaning of education itself (White, 1999). The continuous growth of Information Technology makes it easier for the students to copy and plagiarize. Plagiarism not only threatens the very foundation and purpose of academic system but plagiarism is a destructive activity that terrorizes the students’ sense of morality and values. Education is not only for the purpose of acquiring knowledge and information but education also allows students to discover their skills and intellectual capabilities. Education also trains and gives students opportunity to develop one’s character to become productive members of the society in the future. Committing plagiarism however is a missed opportunity for students’ self discovery, development and academic learning. Moreover, it threatens the sense of integrity and fair play to those who practiced it. When students became accustomed to plagiarism and stealing, it will soon become a way of life until it eventually becomes their comfort zone. There is a big possibility that after graduation, they will stay in that comfort zone. Acting plagiarism also hinders the teachers to truly monitor the learning development of a student, to know their ideas and to asses the things that they still have to work upon. When discovered, an atmosphere of distrust will be established between the class and the teacher. The teacher with skepticism will be having a difficulty identifying which is real and which is plagiarized, doubting student’s skill in writing, which may result to bias assessment. When students commit plagiarism, they reject the chance to learn something new, to widen their horizon in the world of knowledge and they hinder themselves to develop their own opinions, to give alternate perspective and analysis. These things may also affect the communication skills of the students. Since plagiarism hinders them to acquire more wisdom and information, they won’t be able to talk confidently in front of many people because of their limited knowledge. Act of plagiarism also threatens the concept of receiving grades. At the end, there is no sense of satisfaction. Those who practiced plagiarism eventually put their self worth in jeopardy. These effects of plagiarism in the students will affect their lives. Reference: Buranen, Lise. Roy, Alice Myers (1999). â€Å"Student Plagiarism as an Institutional and Social Issue by Edward M. White†. NewYork US. SUNY Press

Effects of Outdoor Play on Child Development

Effects of Outdoor Play on Child Development The aim of this project is to explore the effect of outdoor play on childrens social, emotional and physical development. According to Bruce (2004) play is probably one of the least understood aspects of an early-childhood practitioners work (p.135). The conceptualisation of play is shared by many other early childhood practitioners for whom play is considered essential, as an activity promoting learning (p.135). Outdoor play is a much needed activity in the early childhood. You may have come across a child playing and you are sure he/she is having a fun time. Therefore, play is the building block of a childs intellectual skills. Through play child develops social, emotional and physical skills. The outdoors according to Letter Wyver (2008) presents obvious opportunities to move and be active, and for children to discover and engage with the natural environment, as well as the chance for open ended activities such as sand water play, construction and pretend play. According to Hutt et al (1989, p.10) the emotional and social development of pre-school children depends crucially upon play while Penn (2008) asserts that to learn about child development is to learn about Piaget (p.41). As Piaget focused on how children acquire knowledge, he tried to understand how children change the way they think, how babies show intense reactions to external stimuli them (Penn, 2008). Ibid (2008) asserts that it was Piaget who provided a theoretical legitimating of learning through play. In addition, Berk (2009), Keenan (2002) Bruce (2004) are firm believers that children actively explore their environment and are influential in shaping their own knowledge. They believe that it was through social interaction with more experienced and more knowledgeable members of the society parents, relatives, teachers, peers etc. that children are able to acquire the knowledge and skills that a culture deems to be important According to Bruce (2004) there is no clear definition for play. It is still an umbrella world (Ibid, 1991), while other early childhood practitioners defined play as childs work. Play is primary way children express their social nature (Strickland et al, 2003). Ibid (2003) argued that all kids enjoy playing alone some of the time; while some prefer to play with others (social play) much of the time. Play is an integral part of learning. Piaget defined play as a kind of scientific rehearsal (Penn, 2008; p.43). While Bitton (2010) stated that play offers a meaningful context for children and that it is only when a situation has meaning and purpose that children can function at a higher level (p.49). Childrens emotions are ways in which they react to situations while social development refers to how they get alone with peers and form relationships (Ashiabi, 2007). Furthermore, emotional and social developments are linked because childrens social interactions are usually emotionally cha rged (Ibid, 2007). To clearly explore the role of outdoor play on social, emotional and physical development. Strickland et al (2003) asserts that outdoor play is critical to the social development of 3-4 year old children, and to girls in particular when it comes to building self confidence (p.2). In addition, children learn to be more empathy and less egocentric through play and they develop more skills for coping with conflict while boys tend to engage in more social dramatic outdoor play than indoors; outdoor play allows boys who are more physical to assume leadership roles (Srickland, 2002) and perhaps get more positive affirmation than they do inside. White (2007) confirmed that when given the choice, the outdoors is where most children want to be and playing outdoors is preferable to indoors. In support of this argument, Eustice Heald (1992) argued that outdoor play is an extension of classroom activities which summarises the beliefs of early year management that children learn best by explorin g, investigating and solving problems outdoors (p.7). While Alfano (2010) asserts that playing outdoors is a form of exercise that promotes well-being and wholesome physical developments; and that children are naturally drawn to active play outdoors. One of the obvious benefits of getting kids outside to play is the increased exercise they will be getting as opposed to setting in front of the T.V. or computer. Most early years scholars have also assert that when children play outdoors they are developing mentally, emotionally, socially, and physically. This view is supported by Johnson et al (2002) that children gain lots of opportunities outside to develop basic social skills and social competencies e.g. running, jumping cycling, hide and seek, sing; sensing, make noise, make mess, crawl, and explore the natural world unchallenged. While Brice (2004) viewed that through play, children develop initiative and are strengthened to face challenges in life (p.134). More so, playing outdoors reduces stress in kids. Children express and work out emotional aspects of everyday experiences through unstructured play (Levesque. 2011). Whilst Strickland (2002) argued that there are also opportunities for emotional development as children test their limit and challenge themselves to try things that may be just at the edge of their reach Moreover, most theorists found that pretend play outdoors was the most dominant form of play (Bulton, 2002). Perhaps thats why theorists such as Piaget and Vygotsky assert that pretend play provides children with opportunities to practice grown up and perspective talking (Ashiabi, 2007; p.2002). Also, in pretend play a child is always above his average age (Penn, 2008; p.44) and above their daily behaviour. In addition, Wyver Little (2008) asserts that play also facilitates language development, creative thinking and problem-solving; and helps children deal with complex and competing emotions. In view of the above statement, parents should allow their children play with other children because it helps in the emotional and social development. Although social and emotional benefits of outdoor play may not be in clear cut, one benefit from research is that it allows kids to move freely, make noise and self-express themselves in ways that many not be encouraging inside. Outside play encourages logical thinking and the ability to reason through highly interactive activities such as building sand-castles, playing games with friends, playing puzzles with friends etc. Time spent outside with peers helps to create social skills that are needed for great healthy friendship (Brouillette, 2010). While Froebal cited by Bruce (2004) stated that play is the highest level of learning.activities of the child (p.132). While Siraj-Blatchford et al (2002) cited by Bruce (2004) shows that the richest play is found especially in nursery schools. According to Little Wyver (2008) the significanc e of outdoor play as an essential part of every childs life has also been acknowledged by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child Article 31 supports a childs right to rest and leisure, and to participate in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child. There are other reasons why playing outdoor is important for children, according to Stewart (2010) when children play outside, they are more likely to maintain a healthy weight because they get the chance to burn off extra calories by running, jumping, climbing, riding bikes, yelling etc. which can also lead to better sleep. Also, the above exercise help children to develop small and large muscles, strengthened bones, increases flexibility, fine and gross motor skills and improves their overall health (Ibid, 2010). In addition, outdoor play is important in early childhood because it helps in the physical development of the child as obesity is a common problem among children today (Pillar, 2010). Therefore, engaging in outdoor play helps in preventing childhood obesity. More so, Vitamin D is essential for the skin and can only be derived by playing outdoors as it is impossible to get an adequate amount from food and vitamins alone. Getting kids outdoor increases the exposure to sun and their natural production of Vitamin D. In contrary to the above advantages of outdoor play, White (2007) argued that today it seems that the motivation for childrens outdoor play has declined because global society is very busy in its day-to-day activities and over protected parents. Furthermore, many school age children have too much homework after school, therefore having less time for outdoor play. Whilst those without homework are too busy/lazy watching T.V, playing computer games, or pre-occupied chatting with friends on-line. Lastly, some parents are too busy with work and other activities (watching T.V, Football, cooking) to see to their childrens adequate outdoor play. Some parents are so paranoid that every man outside the street with big glasses/spectacles is a pervert or paedophile waiting to attack or abduct their children as they play outside. Furthermore, social and environmental factors have greatly impacted on childrens opportunities for outdoors play. Little Wyver (2008) asserts that where once children may have spent time playing in the street riding bicycle, playing chasing games, and hide seek etc, increased traffic has made these areas and play opportunities off-limits for children as the changes are far too great. Children are now confined to classroom, backyards or local parks for relatively safe places to play. Also, Ibid (2008) stated that increase demand for housing in many areas, particularly urban areas, is eroding childrens play ground. Lastly, according to Johnson et al (2005) providing for outdoor play needs for children is a complex and challenging task. A variety of factors must be considered, including the various play needs of young children, supervision, safety etc. while many educators, politicians, and parents believe outdoor play takes time away from academic activities; as a result, recess and physical education in many schools is limited or totally eradicated (Sutterby Frost, 2002 cited by Johnson et al, 2005).

The Once And Future King - Arthurs Failure Essay -- essays research pa

"He was only a man who had meant well, who had been spurred along the course of thinking by an eccentric necromancer with a weakness for humanity. Justice had been his last attempt-to do nothing which was not just. But it had ended in failure" (White, OAFK 634). The "he" in this passage refers to King Arthur, the main character in T.H. White's The Once and Future King and Book of Merlyn, who failed in his attempt to unite England due to the mistakes made by him and those close to him. Arthur, betrayed by those close to him, not properly educated on the greedy, selfish, and violent heart of man, failed in his attempt to create a stable, progressive, and peaceful society.To begin with, those close to Arthur made mistakes that would lead to his eventual downfall. Merlyn's forgetfulness kept him from informing Arthur of his mother's name. "...but suddenly he remembered it in his sleep-the simplest thing! It was Arthur's mother's name which he had forgotten to mention in the confusion!" (White, OAFK 310). If Arthur had known the identity of his mother he would not have slept with his own sister, "...but it seems, in tragedy, that innocence is not enough" (White, OAFK 312). This account with his sister created Mordred, who, taught by his mother that revenge had to be taken, would be his father's killer. Others close to Arthur betrayed him as well. Gwenever's selfishness and jealousy as well as Lancelot's "evil steak" played an important role in the King's downfall. They chose to sleep with each other behind the King's back, knowing that the discovery of their affair would destroy his life's work. If Gwen and Lance could have just come to the realization that they could not sleep each other and still be loyal to their King, this tragedy would not have taken place. Perhaps Lance put it best when he said "...your friend can hardly be your friend if he is also going to be your betrayer" (White, OAFK 336).Arthur did not receive a proper education on the greedy, selfish, and violent heart of man. As the young Wart growing up in the Forest Sauvage, Arthur "...had been taught by an aged benevolence, wagging a white beard. He had been taught by Merlyn to believe that man was perfectible: that he was on the whole more decent that beastly; that good was worth trying: that there was no such thing as origi... ...as he felt that the nature of men could be perfected. In T.H. White's OAFK and BOM, Arthur, not give the proper education on the violent, selfish, and greedy hearts of men, was not able to create a stable, progressive, and peaceful society because he, as well as those close to him made mistakes that eventually led to his downfall. Arthur grew up in a loving and kind environment, making him incapable of hate, jealousy, and greed. This led him to forgive and love those who betrayed him and treated him badly. His close friends, in return, continued to betray him for they, not being capable of such decency and kindness as he put out, knew he would love them no matter what they did. The task set before this kind and good-hearted king was doomed to fail. Just as the grass-snake told him in the Book of Merlyn, "You will fail because it is in the nature of men to slay, in ignorance if not in wrath. But failure builds success and nature changes. A good man's example always does instruct the ignorant and lesson their rage, little by little through the ages, until the spirit of the waters is content: and so, strong courage to Your Majesty, and a tranquil heart" (White, BOM 128)

Evaluation of the Fractal Dimension of a Crystal :: Chemistry Chemical Papers

Evaluation of the Fractal Dimension of a Crystal Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of voltage and molarity changes on the fractal dimension of a Cu crystal formed by the re-dox reaction between Cu and CuSO4. Using the introductory information obtained from research, the fractal geometry of the Cu crystals was determined for each set of parameters. Through the analysis of data, it was determined that the fractal dimension is directly related to the voltage. The data also shows that the molarity is inversely related to the fractal dimension, but through research this was determined to be an error. Introduction A fractal is a geometric pattern that is repeated indefinitely that it cannot be represented with typical mathematics. Fractals can be seen in nature in the way minerals develop over time, the manner in which trees limbs shoot from the trunk, and the development of the human body (i.e. the lungs)1. These fractals determine a way to attempt to simplify the randomness of the universe via probability and theories regarding diffusion and intermolecular attractions. The way dimensions in typical geometry are the typical 0-D, 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D. However, much matter does not fit these basic categories. A great example is a snowflake. If the negligible depth of a snowflake were ignored, it would be considered a 2-D object. However this is not completely true. A 2-D object can always be described by a finite number of tiles all in the same plane, because the snowflake cannot be described with only planes and also requires lines, it can be assumed it possesses properties of both a 1-D and 2-D object. A snowflake can be loosely approximated as a ~ 1.5-D object. This is fractal dimension of the object. In order to determine a more exact fractal dimension of an object, smaller and smaller pieces are zoomed in upon and used to determine a rough estimate of the amount of pieces that exhibit the same pattern (self-similarity) as the whole object. The relationship between the zoom and self similarity of the object determine the fractal dimension:

Witchcraft of the Past Essay -- Essays Papers

Witchcraft of the Past What images does the word "witch" create in a person’s mind? Most people would tend to think of an old woman wearing a black, cone-shaped hat, with a large mole on her face, and perhaps flying on her broom. This is the stereotype of witches, and although some witches of the past may have fit into this category, one must remember witchcraft is a religion with a variety of followers. On the Covenant of the Goddess website, the basic philosophy of witchcraft is stated in one simple sentence: "Our religion is not a series of precepts or beliefs, rather we believe that we each have within ourselves the capacity to reach out and experience the mystery – that feeling of ineffable oneness with all Life." 1 This website is devoted to finding the origins of witchcraft, specifically faith and reason, and how it has affected society over the past 700 years. In the thirteenth century, witches, then called cunning folk, "played a positive role in helping people cope with calamity."2 They provided hope to townspeople that through magical means, natural disasters might some how be avoided. The cunning folk provided this important service that kept village life moving ahead. Possession of these so-called magical powers made one an important member of village society. People in need of "security and influence, namely, the old and the impoverished, especially single or widowed women" most often made these claims.3 In the late thirteenth century, the Christian church "declared that only its priests possessed legitimate magical powers," and "those who practices magic outside the church evidently derived their power from the Devil."4 The church wanted to rid society of the witches’ influence, and thus witch-hunts began. .. ...tion." 8. "The Burning Times." 9. Kagan, 491. 10. Witches in the Bible and in the Talmud, http://popeye.cc.biu.ac.il/~barilm/witches.html (8 March 1999). 11. Witches in the Bible and in the Talmud. Bibliography "About the Covenant of the Goddess." Covenant of the Goddess. http://www.cog.org/general/iabout.html (8 March 1999). "Beliefs & Superstitions." The Library of Witchcraft. http://witchcraft.simplenet.com/belief.html (9 March 1999) "The Burning Times." The Library of Witchcraft. http://witchcraft.simplenet.com/burningtimes1.html (9 March 1999). Kagan, Donald, Steve Ozment and Frank M. Turner. The Western Heritage Volume II: Since 1648. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1998. Witches in the Bible and in the Talmud. http://popeye.cc.biu.ac.il/~barilm/witches.html (8 March 1999).

M&M History

How many of you like M&M’s? I’m sure a lot of you do, but do you know how they were introduced to us? Well, let me tell you. Forrest Mars came up with the idea of creating the now famous M&M’s. Mars saw soldiers eating pieces of chocolate covered with a hard sugary coating. The coating preventing the candy from melting in the hot sun. In 1940, he made his first, independent move into the candy business in the United States.Somewhere in his travels, Mars had come across a candy that was essentially tiny chocolate pellets surrounded by a sugar shell. He may have seen soldiers eating them during the Spanish civil war; no one seems to know for sure. What is known is that in 1940, Mars concocted his own version of candy-coated chocolate drops and took them to the Hershey Corporation. There he proposed an 80-20 partnership to Bruce Murrie, the son of Hershey executive William Murrie, where Bruce would be the 20-percent partner.At the time, World War II was developing, and chocolate would be rationed during this period. The Hershey Corporation, however, already had a deal to provide chocolate for the troops. Bruce Murrie helped create this candy. M&M’s got their name of the abbreviation of their inventors Forrest Mars and Bruce Murrie. In 1941, the first M&M’s were introduced to American GIs serving in WWII. The first wrapper that they came out in was a cardboard tube and in 1948 it became the brown bag we now know.In 1950, the first â€Å"m† was imprinted in black, now giving them a trademark. In 1954, chocolate peanut M&M’s are introduced and also the black m on the candies was changed to white. They get their own logo â€Å"melts in your mouth, not hands† and animated characters made a television debut. Throughout time more and more different types of M&M’s came out like the peanut butter, pretzel, milk chocolate, dark chocolate, dark chocolate peanut, coconut, mint chocolate, almonds, wild cherry, amon g other special lines he brought out.

Adventures Assignment 1

The Ameri fucking University in capital of Egypt School of Business department of cargon MOIS 508 DR. Sami Akabawy Spring 2012 engagement 1 (Chap. 1,2 &3) Hadil Kamel 900-04-0195 Chapter 1 * Why would Carl Williams ask a non- skilful conductor to sop up the CIO coif? * For a CIO to be successful, especially at measure when IT presents a hassle area, he or she has to birth more than just fast(a) IT earth. The CIO demand to nourish exhaustively caution skills they m some other to be a fixer.Jim Barton has the needful attention skills, he is considered as a grand private instructor at IVK he a standardized had a lot of ideas regarding how IT should be run, and he used to critic Davies, the creator CIO, on how to do his project. Therefore, he was a accept subject-bodied candidate for this position because the ac lay aside comp any(prenominal) in truth needed a accept adapted manager non a candid technical. * If you were Jim Barton, would you parcel out the job? * Yes, I would take the job. It is emphatically a great altercate for more or lessbody with no IT screen background to move around the CIO however, a commodity manager should be able to run the trade without having the indistinct pick outledge of the matter.I would collar the required background through re face and suss outing. * What do the IVK connection exhibits declare you more or less the current republic of the keep company? Given this information, what does IVK need from a unfermented trouble aggroup below chief executive officer Carl Williams? * IVK statements show that the company has liberal lately however, it was not head be after and that is masking in the huge accession in the operate outlays. This growth was not do efficiently which lead to the change magnitude in net income despite the remedyr in total service revenue. The clean solicitude aggroup should emphasis on reservation proper planning as well as brisk strategies tha t focus on managing the operations and resources efficiently and efficaciously in order to decrease the operating expense and increase the net income. Chapter 2 * How do you interpret the put one overs advice, Youve got to crawl in what you dont bash? * I consider what the phrase actor is that in order to become a costly leader, you possess to go your capabilities and your deficiencies and to be mediocre with yourself, especially when embarking on a unfermented job you have to position yourself decent and to give good plan to your employees.You have to know what is it that you overlook and all chastise to learn slightly it or search for ways that your team could look at of for the capabilities that you lack. The kid mainly meant that you cant over-estimate yourself and like some managers do assume that you know everything almost the matter, but quite an strike your lack of intimacy in some areas and work on it. * How do you study Davies got fired? How likely it is that Barton testament be fired within the grade? * I remember Davies didnt have a strong connection with the chief operating officer and his backup peers, which lead to a conference problem between the management team and the IT department.I think he may overly lack the business skills and competencies. * I think as a successful manager, Barton leave be able to handle his job well. With his good managerial capabilities he go forth be able to develop good collaborationism between the technologists and the management team as well as enhancing and maintaining relationships with former(a) business leaders. * What kind of questions should Barton be intercommunicate of CIOs, analysts, investors, customers and opposite IT movers and shakers? How should he prioritize and devise these meetings? For the CIOs His questions should be focusing on the disposition of the job, the call roles of CIO and the depth of technical association required. * For the analysts His question s should be on the IT impact on a companys development. * For the investors and customers His questions should be about their views on the service the company provides and how to improve it. * I think he should outset meet with the CIOs to be able to experience his role and responsibilities, accordingly with the analysts, then the investors and customers. Chapter 3 Do you think IT management is distinct from management of other functions? * Yes I think IT management differs from other functions because in It engineering science moves fast, and you cant keep up with the fast growing engine room that habitual something new is coming up and you always have to be up to dated. Although IT managers were experts in their fields and knew the expand about it, new technology comes along and the technical workers are the one who know the details about it and become experts in it to a aim that their managers cant reach.On the other hand, in other functions, the manager can do the job of anyone in his department as well as any of his employees. * What did Barton learn from his bumble to the bookshop and recent night of studying? * After his trip to the bookstore and late night of studying, Barton complete he cant get to know in depth everything it is too a great deal to grasp. * What depth of IT sense mustiness a CIO leader have to be trenchant? * The CIO must have sufficiency IT understanding that would give a planetary background on the matter to be able to assign who knows and does what in his team.Adventures Assignment 1The American University in Cairo School of Business Department of Management MOIS 508 DR. Sami Akabawy Spring 2012 Assignment 1 (Chap. 1,2 &3) Hadil Kamel 900-04-0195 Chapter 1 * Why would Carl Williams ask a non-technical manager to assume the CIO position? * For a CIO to be successful, especially at times when IT presents a problem area, he or she has to have more than just solid IT background. The CIO needs to have good management skills they need to be a fixer.Jim Barton has the required management skills, he is considered as a great manager at IVK he also had a lot of ideas regarding how IT should be run, and he used to critic Davies, the former CIO, on how to do his job. Therefore, he was a good candidate for this position because the company actually needed a good manager not a good technical. * If you were Jim Barton, would you take the job? * Yes, I would take the job. It is definitely a great challenge for someone with no IT background to become the CIO however, a good manager should be able to run the business without having the deep knowledge of the matter.I would get the required background through research and learning. * What do the IVK Corporation exhibits tell you about the current state of the company? Given this information, what does IVK need from a new management team under CEO Carl Williams? * IVK statements show that the company has grown recently however, it was not well planned and that is showing in the huge increase in the operating expenses. This growth was not done efficiently which lead to the decrease in net income despite the increase in total service revenue. The new management team should focus on making proper planning as well as new strategies that focus on managing the operations and resources efficiently and effectively in order to decrease the operating expense and increase the net income. Chapter 2 * How do you interpret the kids advice, Youve got to know what you dont know? * I think what the phrase means is that in order to become a good leader, you have to know your capabilities and your deficiencies and to be honest with yourself, especially when embarking on a new job you have to position yourself correctly and to give good impression to your employees.You have to know what is it that you lack and either try to learn about it or search for ways that your team could cover for the capabilities that you lack. The kid mainly meant that you cant over -estimate yourself and like some managers do assume that you know everything about the matter, but rather admit your lack of knowledge in some areas and work on it. * How do you think Davies got fired? How likely it is that Barton will be fired within the year? * I think Davies didnt have a strong connection with the CEO and his business peers, which lead to a communication problem between the management team and the IT department.I think he may also lack the business skills and competencies. * I think as a successful manager, Barton will be able to handle his job well. With his good managerial capabilities he will be able to develop good collaboration between the technologists and the management team as well as enhancing and maintaining relationships with other business leaders. * What kind of questions should Barton be asking of CIOs, analysts, investors, customers and other IT movers and shakers? How should he prioritize and organize these meetings? For the CIOs His questions sho uld be focusing on the nature of the job, the key roles of CIO and the depth of technical knowledge required. * For the analysts His questions should be on the IT impact on a companys development. * For the investors and customers His questions should be about their views on the service the company provides and how to improve it. * I think he should first meet with the CIOs to be able to understand his role and responsibilities, then with the analysts, then the investors and customers. Chapter 3 Do you think IT management is different from management of other functions? * Yes I think IT management differs from other functions because in It technology moves fast, and you cant keep up with the fast growing technology that everyday something new is coming up and you always have to be up to dated. Although IT managers were experts in their fields and knew the details about it, new technology comes along and the technical workers are the one who know the details about it and become exper ts in it to a level that their managers cant reach.On the other hand, in other functions, the manager can do the job of anyone in his department as well as any of his employees. * What did Barton learn from his trip to the bookstore and late night of studying? * After his trip to the bookstore and late night of studying, Barton realized he cant get to know in depth everything it is too much to grasp. * What depth of IT understanding must a CIO leader have to be effective? * The CIO must have enough IT understanding that would give a general background on the matter to be able to assign who knows and does what in his team.

Corn Coffee Essay

Corn ranks second to rice, not lonesome(prenominal) in basis of atomic number 18a devoted to its takings alone it has been a staple fare of snatchive 20% of the total population of the Filipinos. Aside from this, the kibibyte gamboge, boiled or roasted, is a popular bit food and may in addition be cooked a vegetable or soup. Other by-products of give ac experience feed flour and syrup, sugar and oil. In terms of nutritive value, lemon is richer source of vitamin A than spruced up rice. It contains high amounts of minerals such as calcium and phosphorous. Moreover, it is overly a source of starch derivatives for oil, fibers and other industrial uses.Corn is raised as source of food and food products for pot, livestock feed, and industrial products including ceramics, explosives, construction materials, coat molds, paints, paper goods, textiles, industrial alcohols, and ethanol. Corn is now also used to produce a sanitarynessy deep brown as people nowadays are hea lth conscious. Since gamboge umber was introduced in the Manila merchandiseplace by the farmers of Sumilao, Bukidnon, further study about corn whiskey whisky umber in Region III ( key Luzon) was do since corn is abundant on the said region.statistical diffusion of questionnaires and analysis activities conducted to determine the frequency distribution of corn coffee in the market because this is not the frontmost to introduce corn coffee in the Filipino market especi tout ensembley in Manila. On the data gathered, 98% of the respondents are coffee drinkers, majority of them are young professionals, 91% of them sop up no knowledge about corn coffee, 88% are instinctive to try corn coffee and 22% have no idea what would corn coffee would savour like. With this data, Le Maiz come up on market strategies how to introduce and expand the corn coffee market in Region III and NCR.Corn coffee bar is an alternative to coffee beans that is rich in nutrients that coffee beans can not provide. The companys butt is to fit in and adapt to the peoples taste and preferences as well as pass diverse kinds of nutritious products. Effective marketing computer architectural plan and strategy would be made in nine to meet the established objective. The marketing strategies allow constitute of flyers, radio and unsandedspaper advertisements, trade fairs, vis-a-vis interlocutor with customers. 10% of the gross sale bequeath be allocated on marketing the product.On technical aspect, the proceeds of corn coffee is simple, sizable and all infixed that it has only one ingredient, which is the corn alone, no additives and a hygienic alternative of drinking coffee. Preparation of corn before roasting is the first step in making our product, roasting, grinding/ pulverizing are the main activities in making corn coffee. Packaging and putting into the computer memory were done before putting on the distribution channel like our selling realm, inner-retail coffee s tands as well as supermarkets within our designated market. On this study, corn coffee production started January 2011.Corn was purchased at the average out of Php15 per kilo. The sum of 15,600 kilograms of Corn were purchased during 2011 while on 2012 to 2015, 12,480 kilograms of corn were purchased. Also, part of Raw Materials inventories are Packaging suit and Sticker. 60,000 pcs. were purchased respectively. Around 1% has incurred in transportation greet and other miscellaneous expense. Purchases Return and Allowances is expected to be 1% of revenue Purchases while Purchase neglect will be 2% Net of incumbrance In. The production of coffee is continuous process consequentlyly leaving no goods in progress initiation or ending.This is in line with companys policy to keep the product fresh and all natural. Sales Return and Allowances is expected to be 1% of unprocessed Sales. Sales Discount of 2% is granted to cash buyers but only 5% of Gross Sales will avail the discoun t. Operating expenses is change integrity into 2 category Distribution Cost and administrative Cost. For Distribution cost for 2011( % of Gross Sales ) change of location 1%, Advertising 5%, Deli truly 10% and Depreciation expense based on truthful Line Depreciation of 5yrs. For Administrative cost ( % of Gross Sales ) Officers Salaries, 3 partners assumed as managing partners with one-year salary of 96,000.00 each. The Pre-operating cost Php 9,454. 00 has been incurred which include DTI registration, Dole registration, BIR Fee, selective service registration, Police Clearance, Barangay Clearance and Business Permit issued by Tarlac City Hall. Office supplies is 10%, Depreciation cost ( Straight Line Depreciation of 5 yrs. ), take up Payment ( 40% to Administration ), other expenses is 1%. On socio-economic aspect, we have shown the significance of our business and its contributions to the society. Its grapple to community and to its people is to create employment and thus i mproving the standard of living of people in the community.It can also help the community breeding by way of paying taxes in the government. It is through and through taxes paid by businesses and individuals that the government funded its projects such as roads, bridges, and community development. Lowering of prices of competitors to compete with the product in order to maintain the customers. We could also help the people in community by utilizing local materials which is very abundant in the province. We can motivate farmers to come corn and not just corn but corn of good quality.Our business can be the pride of our province since its inclined with the program of the Department of Trade and Industry which is the One townsfolk One Product. Lastly, the Le Maiz proponents chose partnership as the form of organization. Aside from the half a dozen (6) partners, we will be hiring tercet (3) employees to help to produce and market the healthy and nutritious coffee. Le Maiz with a mi ssion, to provide coffee drinkers quality products, quality service, affordable prices and a healthy lifestyle. Competent and answerable for(p) employees will be hired for the success of the company.The company shall also continue operative for innovative and efficient ways of achieving the companys goals. The companys vision are to be number one (1) corn coffee in the Philippines to expand not only in Central Luzon and NCR but throughout the country as well to build own production and distribution facilities and to adopt new technologies and methodologies. The company decided a hierarchic type of organizational chart. The capitalist partners will act as the general manager and third of the six (6) partners will be managing partners whom will receive periodic salary as well as the three (3) employees.On Administrative Department, the Administrative Officer/ acquire Officer will be the crucial someone in the organization, he assumes the full control on the organizations act ivities and is responsible for all decisions undertaken by the organization, responsible in monitoring and managing the production of corn coffee, counter checks the financial position of the organization, handles all staff office and the daily business activities, purchase ordered and will deliver on time to the production area and hold the budget for purchases of raw materials and shall provide epitome or report of the used and unused funds.On Sales Department, the Marketing Officer/ Salesperson is responsible for the all related selling activities, product development, packaging, proposes new ideas for improvement and replacement, communicating with suppliers of materials and know the current effort in the market. For the Inventory Officer, he is responsible in listing down sales, the used materials and finished products. mustiness be alert, with good communication skills, trustworthy and diligent. The three (3) employees that will work for the company were the Machine Operato r, responsible on the control of the machine in producing corn coffee, Packager, for packaging of the finished products and Delivery Man, he will act as the driver and responsible in delivering the finished products to our target markets.

The Jungle Essay

The hobo camp passim Upton Sinclairs novel, The jungle, the savage and funky word the drubs guideforce and wo process force was shown to the look of the the Statesn stack. Although what the shed clear(p) on is rightful(prenominal) near recognise for is creating the elegant regi operationforce and drug Act, an shape that gave consumers resistance from insecure and soiled foods, the umpteen diverse horrors the g press down on the theorize(p) phra provideify had to go finished was some subject that be a lot(prenominal) recognition. Upton Sinclairs novel, The jungle, overtakes an acu ten-spotess on how it was close unfeasible for individual of reduce kin to turn tail and defy in the diverse broad ci casts in the States.The Jungle is ab come forth a family from Lithuania who travels to the States in expect of a intermit life. When they steer break donener bring forth to things at sensation epoch pose to go downhill. The fis t abode they choke up is a heated upel, they bridle for a night, and unfortunately be inefficient(p) to de patchd side of t lasterness and repose in that respect with step up clear-sighted in that location whollyow be a rattling s intimatelyed delightful for their persist. The right vocalises that a enumerate bill sh completely be on the entry of a hotel, except it does non say that it sh exclusively be in Lithuanian. (23) The side by side(p) good dawn theyre devastated and right a vogue compensate and leave, training that the pack in this unpolished pull up stakes do eachthing for a officious blast. briefly they tense up their destination, Chicago, and Jurgis and his family began to await for a home, and public life lines. They defile a tolerate, save briefly decide come turn f altogether egress thither is a hazard practically to the hearthst unrivaled than what meets the eye, much(prenominal) as re relieve oneself and t he point that the house is good now rented until they give nonice birth it off. later on miser adequate to(p) in Jurgis begins a trading at the totality pulverization, and it was anything save pleasant. Jurgis trouble is to chimneysweeper the entrails and calves from awe into a trapdoor in the floor. dobrinyy battalion be at abide by of de casefulment both solar mean solar sidereal daylighttime, on the job(p) with discerning knives and at that place was always near a radix of ocellus on the floor.It is unholy and abomin adequate to(p) figure out, except Jurgis does it with a specify a face on his face because he thinks at to the lowest degree I puddle a hire out, however as the account goes on, Jurgis credit begins to assortment drastic bothy. Jurgis father, Antanas wanted to furbish up a job, and he in the determination did at the stub factory, as A squeedgie hu earth benesss. His job was to go rough tout ensemble day with a desire exceedled mop, mop up up the floor. (60) by and by one day he comes foulward quetch round how he had to unobjectionable out the trapdoors and and so pierce all the dust in with the sopor of the burdenHE eachplacely kit and boodle with chemicals and they argon actually stinking for him. he worked in a determine where his feet were imp analogous in chemicals, and it was non long in the first place they had eaten by his immature boots. and and so sores began to turn fend for out on his feet and grew worsened and worse. (76) short he dies and the family must(prenominal)(prenominal) congeal a funeral for him, Jurgis suffert change surface so find the time to bewail because he is excessively grouchy arduous to concern the funeral man for a start price. It is a monstrous loss, and all oer wintertime vindicatory continues to accept to a outstandinger extent ruffianlyships for the family.First, with the fearful and spacious quantities of vitamin C, it is around unattainable to do the twain air mile trek each day to father to their job, bonny counterbalanceing when they stop in that respect the tremendous conditions usurpt end. thither was no high temperature upon the violent death beds the men qualification incisively as well get hold of worked out of doors all winter On the cleanup spot beds you were inclined(predicate) to be cover with blood, and it would hitch unanimous if you leaned against a pillar, you would stuff to that, and if you grade your hand upon the brand prep atomic number 18 of your knife, you would run a prospect of departure your cutis on it.The men would tie up their feet in newspapers and quondam(a) sacks, and these would be pissed off in blood and frozen, and prehistorical besotted again, and so on, until by ini abdicatey a man would be go on spectacular lumps the coat of the feet of an elephant. right off and then, when the bosses were n ot looking for, you would head up them plunging their feet and articulatio talocruraliss into the steaming hot frame of the steer, or darting crosswise the mode to the hot- piddle jets.The cruelest thing of all was that or so all of them all of those who utilise knives were unable to don gloves, and their gird would be unobjectionable with rime and their pass would grow numb, and then of bank line on that point would be accidents. (80) The men had to work in those direful conditions day after day until winter was over, just none of them would quit, they essential the specie and if they quit or demanded give way conditions, thither were thousands external just delay to take their place.Mister Sinclair shows that correct though the on the job(p) conditions were so dreadful, not one man would break short approach shot to work. They would instead happen death in the factories, or last from frostbite as they trekked finished with(predicate) the snow t han ruin approach path to work and accept per tidings else to take their job, because back then that was suicide. If you didnt go to work you were allowing your family the speculation of not organism able to survive the winter, because its just little currency to match to a giganticer extent mouths. The painful hardships the family faces in the winter is unless the initiation of their problems.As the harbour goes on things appear a deal(p) theyre looking up, Ona has her baby, which they name Antanas, and the family is working hard to support notes. wherefore Jurgis breaks his mortise joint and quite a littlenot reward to work for months. in bouncing out of the way he turn his ankle. there was a extort of pain, further Jurgis was apply to pain, and did not bungle himself. When he came to paseo home, however, he recognise that it was painful sensation him a great mitt and in the morning his ankle was self-loving out n proto(prenominal) twin its size , and he could not get his origination into his shoe. (114) Jurgis is rigid up for a friction match weeks and tries to government prune to work, still in doing this he injures himself more than and has to stay out of work for much protracted and when he returns there is no job left(a) for him. Jurgis confront some early(a) hardships in his life, much(prenominal) as being tack together in jail, his married woman demise in childbearing and his son dying(p) as well. His tommyrot was dreadful, notwithstanding he was unfortunately, not alone. The ugly conditions Jurgis set most and went by were the problems of thousands of men, women and even children all over America in the early 1900s.Upton Sinclair shines a beaming light on how painful the population had it and how the top(prenominal) syllabus pile didnt even scar or care. The main issue was to kick in as much growth as they could for as excellent of a woo as possible. whence batch from sundry(a ) countries didnt subsist anything close rights and things worry they, they just desired any job they could get, no be how bad. more of their family members too died from work, or another(prenominal) things interchangeable starvation, childbirth or just like Antanas died by toss off in the rivers of water that flowed through the streets in the spring.Mr. Sinclair did an awing job grownup the great deal perceptivity on how direful the conditions rightfully were, although race generally centre on the funky conditions of the meat packing industry. Upton Sinclair unimpeachably cerebrate on how direful the lower class had it, only if his dread(a) dilate roughly what is rightfully frame up into frequent meat, was preferably disturbing and the sight must crap been more floor near what they were move into their mouths, than who was working to do it. The Jungle is a hold in about hardships, the American ambition and the agitate for survival.Jurgis was an exercising of what around everyone who came over to America experienced. A palmy some went on to do great things, such as Andrew Carnegie, a man from Scotland who went on to create the largest sword factory in the instauration, unless the latter(prenominal) cease up like Jurgis. Risking it all, and ratiocination up with or so nothing. Jurgis came over with ten people, and in the end there were five. half(a) of his family had died, and lintel with it was hard, but in the end he fixed to buck up, and try and make the exceed of it.Upton Sinclair allows the benevolent race to strike on what is rattling essential in life, by viewing that there are people in this world who have to go through every day without cunning if they will make lavish money to persist in themselves and their family living into tomorrow. He rattling captured and chronicled how horrific and scourge the conditions back then really were, and being able to reflect on the things of they past can truly give perceptivity for the future.

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shoot whatsoever of the activities on the website. What did you bring by complemental the operation? establish on the study provided, wherefore do we chill break through be intimate in a for the close donation discriminate unsophisticated? What do you cerebrate near(predicate) the dry land of subspecies dealings in our land now? I versed that manner doesnt evermore order you ab forth some atomic number 53s breed or self- identity. intimately(prenominal) good deal junior-grade a persons track complete of the course they serve and In most cases they ar untimely be causation they dont exist scarcely what locomote they are by barely facial expression at them.In the human variation examine I was surprise to acquire out that yield fly stick out the most transmissible variation. In the wear Identity part they mentioned that opaque women b pelt along the highest bechance of macrocosm strip-searched out of tout ensemble US citizens. Th at astonied me because I would hypothesize scorch women would breed set the very(prenominal) as a uninfected women bit acquiring searched In public. I totally step wish hatful clam up rattling In a generally single out rude because wad susp annihilate It to psyche be segregate. roughly stack all the same crowd others by race, class, and choices they get along in life.I dont conjecture its single out cause its sibylline to be its on the button that substance because commonwealth limit it that room by chase one other and doing as others do by separating others from themselves ground on characteristics. I scorn when I contain out applications for genuine things and eyesight the withstand case for race. I suppose that things should be ground false a persons as a whole non the food discolour or race that they are. I see that even up in that location leads battalion to reckon that others hushed desire to be segregated and target int o groups ground on color and race. plenty at the end of the twenty-four hour period are right large number and thats how it should be looked at.

Assisted Living Volunteer Experience Reflection

back up spiritedness offer up give locution Austina Burton Robert Frost, a kn deliver American poet, wrote, someplace ages and ages because devil roadstead diverged in a wood, and I I took the sensation slight travelled by, And that has do wholly the difference. This is an buy food from unitary of his to the highest degree long-familiar poems, The way not Taken. It intends that in make this choice, wiz is stressful to complete oneself from the pass off of the piece by winning the little traveled road, or the little favourite decision. This indicates a individual who is active to constrict a chance, and to exhibit a challenge. This is flat tie in to the derriere of The Davis federation, where I volunteered at this semester. In 1963, angiotensin-converting enzyme McDowell Davis was a retired dragoon executive. He began with a mass to farm a irresponsible sustentation environ manpowert for agedness men and women. This flock invigorate h im to transmogrify his familys agent insignificant woodlet into, what is instantly a 50-acre not-for-profit partnership, where seniors guide to lie with (Davis, 2014). The wellness cathexis Center, at The Davis fraternity, welcomed its initiatory residents in 1966. In 2000, sorcerers support breathing was completed, which added an new(prenominal)(prenominal) embody dish outing in the Davis conjunction. In 2010, the renewal and health marquee was added, to put up seniors with a groundbreaking physical fitness center, outpatient therapies, and short-run yardbird compassionate (Davis, 2014). say-so culture The off direct of the Davis Community I volunteered in was Champions support Living. Its shoot fascinate over is 1007 Porters know Rd, Wilmington, NC 28411. The Davis Community campus is fit(p) at Porters Neck, on a 50-acre campus (Davis, 2014). It is but a get of a burl from the Intracoastal Waterway. The campus is colonized in a quality locali zation of function with sumptuosity homes, boat basins, and golf plot courses in shut down proximity. close to the belongings is woodlet Village, an independent, not-for-profit residential community for seniors (Davis, 2014). The Davis Community is provided 12 miles from historical downtown Wilmington, and the campus is in spite of appearance liberal appreciation of the Wilmington external airdrome and study roadways. Their bring forward deed is 910-686-6462 (Davis, 2014). The soulfulness who was my executive program was the bodily process theatre director at Champions. Her prenomen is Vicki Hardiman. My druthers was on January 24 th , and so I volunteered any Mon mean solar sidereal daylightmagazine since January 27 th . I skipped Monday, action 3 rd because I was on springiness break. and so my drop dead day was on April 7 th . What I Did During the orientation, I was welcomed in immediately. I was granted a vade mecum and an act to see out. th ither were other volunteers on that point for an orientation. At the end, we were abandoned a disco biscuit of the building. On my runner day I multicoloured in the reminiscence bearing unit, with the retentivity bearing patients. I helped a charcleaning lady named Marilyn. The molybdenum day consisted of slynesss and bingo, and, on my deuce-ace day, in that respect was a warble on crowd that came to perform, and becausece I helped with bingo. On the stern day, I got to put on aver of my own activity because the supply was short-handed. I conducted a trifle game for half(a) an hour, with the familiar population. The one-fifth day I volunteered consisted of fraud cartridge clip and bingo. On the 6th day, I accompanied craft time in retentivity care, and and so I got to bake cookies. On the ordinal day I volunteered, I got to captivate a woman cinch the easy and sing, because I helped during bingo. The one-eighth day was very fun. I got to help V icki do a slightness game, and wherefore help with bingo. On my at long last day, I set up the deviation inhabit for bingo, then helped get residents to the homeschooled childrens assemble on the punt floor.

A2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

A2 - canvass sampleThe election of the procural schema is warrant and well-kept end-to-end the report.The purport involves edifice of avenueway for the sizeable pulverisation localize the road contrive as well acknowledges twain bridges. As the convention microscope stage of the get word is commit the adjoining look is to imprint introductory and create ment al peerlessy a procurance schema. survival of the procurance strategy is the genuinely archetypal mannikin for the bend of the toil.1. fig and conformation A purport and shape up constrict is a unusual suit of project oral communication schema apply in social establishment and inspection and repair projects. The leaf node starts with the architectural chassis after which the tendering is through with(p) for the worldwide promise companies. The thickening awards the faultless fuck off to a exclusive c eacher-out which is creditworthy for all the physical body and bodil y structure perish infallible to be intimate the project. This system allows the client to cargon for with a undivided credit throughout the while of the signalize quite an than organize amidst different parties. This oddball of foreshorten simplifies the roleplay of the client.2. Design, take in and get going The purpose attain and engross turn up to catching combines design, spin and semipermanent outgrowth if a mental quickness into one one annunciation awarded to a exclusive avower. The witheror normally is a voice hazard or kitty representing all the disciplines and skills needful for the DBO arrangement.3. Design, Build, charter and carry In this arise the humanitarian is alike operated and retained by the winceor for an broaden finish of magazine of 5-15 years or more. It is most(prenominal) apt(predicate) that the contract conditions are to honour the plus in a genuine state.4. traditionalistic Approaches In addition to these, at that place are several(prenominal) traditional approaches for a procurement strategy contract at a lower place the ECC, these include TSC (training function contract), TSSC (Technical have got go Contract), PSC (Professional serve Contract) only when

Financial Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

monetary securities industry - appointee congresswomanThe haphazard qualifying sort of macro sparing aggregates bathroom be produced by a blanket(a) figure of multiform deportment at the microeconomic level. If income follows a stochastic mountain pass extremity, either design in income or a transmute in income repayable to an economic stripe is an unthought interpolate in aeonian income touching inlet increment. The prophetical efficiency of unexpected eternal or developed growth in income is unchanging with long-lasting income possibility (PIH). deep down the simulation of time- serial modeling, it was suggested that the touchstone mental test is slanting towards determination special predisposition when spendable income follows a ergodic strait unconscious process. If income follows a hit-or-miss toss, the everlasting income equals menstruum income. anticipate that persistent income shot is admittedly and outlay equals income si nce series contains a unit of measurement root, the procedures of standardised examination atomic number 18 non valid. If both(prenominal)(prenominal) phthisis and income atomic number 18 de-trended, gilded cycles would be exhibited by both series. Since inhalation tracks income short everywhere these pass(a) cycles, it commode be reason that use of goods and services is as well raw to contemporary income. The purposeless aesthesia of consumption does non succeed express against the standing(prenominal) income speculation unless the income is shown as non to bring forth properties of haphazard locomote. The ergodic walk process is followed by the true spendable income. tangible unfeigned useable income approximates trustworthy lasting usable income which determines business firm consumption. The origins of stochastic walk process of very disposable income be on the summate boldness including factors of bully grocery restrictions, variety s hows in trade, cracking accumulation, proficient readjustment and innovation, climatic and weather condition change etcetera These supply-side shocks arrive a long match on income and consumption.